Unfortunately, even after trying these potential fixes, players are still reporting New World's voice chat being disabled days after launch and many hours into the game. If this doesn't solve the issue, the tried and tested method of restarting the game (and reselecting the desired options) is also worth giving a shot. All of them could play into why others can't hear you. Before you rush off to slay Corrupted, check the other settings like the Voice Chat Input Mode alongside the Microphone used by the game, its volume, and sensitivity. You can change the option to Enabled if you want to lift that restriction or Disabled if you do not want to use the voice chat and prefer third-party apps like Discord. By default, it's set to Group Only, meaning that players outside your party cannot hear you. If you click the cog icon in the top right of the menu screen, then go to the Communications menu, you'll find Voice Chat Mode as its first setting.
Then, it's also worth keeping in mind that New World's voice chat could be disabled or limited from your settings. For starters, it's worth keeping in mind that Amazon Games has pointed out in New World's release notes that its voice chat is disabled for the first three hours after you create a character, in an effort 'to limit poor voice behavior.' If you're a fresh player, that could be why you cannot talk to others in-game.
